/index.php/jpair/gateway/plugin/WebFeedGatewayPlugin/atom 2025-03-31T00:00:00+00:00 Dounilyn Wabe Maaliao jpairjournals@gmail.com Open Journal Systems <p align="justify">Open-access, peer-reviewed journals bridge disciplinary divides by publishing impactful research. Rigorous review ensures quality, while free dissemination accelerates progress for researchers and the public. These platforms empower evidence-based practices and inform a wider audience.</p> /index.php/jpair/article/view/927 2025-06-04T13:36:35+00:00 Anna Marie Lomenario

<p>Teaching quality is the foundation of education quality. That is why faculty development is deemed crucial for educational quality and success in the overall educational system. This study assessed the faculty development programs of five selected private higher education institutions (HEIs) in the second and third districts of the province of Albay. A qualitative research design was used, with semi-structured interview and document analysis as tools for data gathering. Findings reveal that (1) the majority of the private HEIs’ faculty are only bachelor's degree holders; (2) the objectives of faculty development program are similar across the private HEIs; (3) faculty performance evaluations are the private HEIs’ most used tool for training needs analysis; (4) continuing professional development practices are similar across the private HEIs; while (5) institutional support and return of service provisions vary among the private HEIs. The study also found that the common challenges faced by the private HEIs in their implementation of faculty development efforts are time and budget constraints while opportunities most available to support their faculty development programs are the scholarship grants/financial assistance from external sources, industry immersion, and reduced CPD costs with the emergence of online seminars, workshops, and conferences. A faculty development plan was created that may be used by private higher education institutions.</p>

2025-03-31T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Anna Marie S. Lomenario /index.php/jpair/article/view/928 2025-06-04T13:36:35+00:00 Karina Marie Batu

<p>Maintaining strong board examination performance is crucial for pharmacy schools as it signifies educational excellence and graduates' readiness for professional practice. This study examines the performance trends of Manila Central University (MCU)-College of Pharmacy graduates from 2019 to 2024, focusing on the comparison between their success in the first attempt immediately after graduation and in subsequent attempts. The study aims to uncover the factors contributing to these performance outcomes and propose strategies to enhance student success in the licensure exams. Using a descriptive phenomenological approach and documentary analysis, the research investigated the experiences of twenty MCU pharmacy graduates who took the pharmacist licensure examination (PLE) multiple times within the specified period. Colaizzi's method of phenomenological analysis was employed to extract and categorize significant statements from participants' lived experiences. Three main themes emerged as key contributors to higher success rates on the first attempt: <em>Recency of Knowledge</em>, <em>Dedicated Review Period</em>, and <em>Strong Support System</em>. Additionally, selections cited <em>Lack of Confidence</em> and <em>Lack of Focus</em> as factors affecting their subsequent examination attempts. The study proposes several strategies to improve board exam outcomes, including integrating exam preparation into the curriculum, strengthening review programs, enhancing psychological and emotional resilience, and fostering mentorship from faculty and alumni.</p>

2025-03-31T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Karina Marie S. Batu /index.php/jpair/article/view/929 2025-06-04T13:36:35+00:00 Radge Amador

<p>The study investigates the utilization of social media by food businesses in the 2nd District of Albay, focusing on its advantages and disadvantages. With the rapid growth of digital platforms, understanding the impact of social media on business operations is crucial for fostering economic success. The primary aims of this research were to assess the current status of food businesses regarding social media usage, identify the benefits and challenges they encounter, and provide actionable recommendations for enhancing their social media strategies. To achieve these aims, a descriptive quantitative research design was employed, utilizing a self-administered survey questionnaire distributed to 50 food establishments in Daraga and Legazpi. Analysis included frequency counting and the calculation of weighted means to evaluate responses. Findings revealed that while businesses recognize the benefits of social media for customer engagement and marketing, they also face significant challenges, such as time constraints and managing negative reviews. The study concludes that effective social media management requires investment in training and strategic planning. By addressing these challenges and leveraging the advantages offered by social media, food businesses can enhance their operations, improve customer relations, and ultimately achieve greater economic success.</p>

2025-03-31T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Radge O. Amador /index.php/jpair/article/view/930 2025-06-04T13:36:34+00:00 Mark Joseph Quirante Marianne Avila

<p>This study investigates the influence of spiritual and religious activities on the well-being and academic success of college students at San Sebastian College Recoletos de Cavite, aiming to address existing gaps in understanding within diverse cultural and religious contexts like the Philippines. Utilizing a quantitative approach, data from 350 randomly selected students were analyzed, revealing a minimal positive linear correlation between engagement in religious activities and overall well-being, alongside a negligible linear relationship with academic performance. ANOVA findings underscored significant variations in impact across different academic disciplines, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions to support students' holistic development. The results suggest a limited association between engagement in religious activities and student outcomes, prompting further research to explore the roles of spirituality and religious engagement in enhancing student well-being and academic success.</p>

2025-03-31T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Mark Joseph Quirante, Marianne Avila /index.php/jpair/article/view/931 2025-06-04T13:36:34+00:00 Nikko Domingo Rachelle Lintao

<p>The growing integration of AI-powered digital writing tools (AI-DWTs) in writing instruction underscores the need to examine their impact on teaching pedagogies within technology-mediated language learning (TMLL) environments. This study investigates students' and teachers' perceptions of ChatGPT, an AI-driven writing tool, in an AI-enabled classroom. The study utilized a descriptive quantitative design with 60 student participants and three teacher participants. The study collected data through survey questionnaires following a series of interventions during writing classes. The results reveal that both students and teachers view ChatGPT as a valuable tool for expository writing. Students reported that ChatGPT is helpful for brainstorming and organizing ideas during the pre-writing stage, structuring the introduction, body, and conclusion during the writing stage, and improving grammar during the post-writing stage. Additionally, they appreciate its ease of use and its role in boosting writing confidence. Teachers recognize ChatGPT's positive impact on the writing process, particularly in structuring essays and refining grammar, yet acknowledge concerns about accuracy. Furthermore, they view its integration into writing tasks as beneficial for developing students' AI competence. These positive perceptions highlight the need for structured methodologies/pedagogies to effectively integrate AI-DWTs into writing instruction. Future research may focus on developing pedagogical strategies that ensure effective and ethical AI integration to foster writing competence and critical interactions with AI-DWTs in writing classrooms.</p>

2025-03-31T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Nikko J. Domingo, Rachelle B. Lintao /index.php/jpair/article/view/932 2025-06-04T13:36:34+00:00 Mercy Mariñas

<p>In today's fast-paced business world, leaders significantly influence organizational culture and performance, promoting creativity, experimentation, and risk-taking. Understanding leadership styles can help organizations create a culture that supports idea generation and long-term success. This descriptive-quantitative research explores the impact of leadership styles on the organizational innovation of business enterprises in the 2nd District of Albay. Specifically, it determines the status of business establishments in terms of number of employees, kinds of business, years of existence, types of business operation, and others, whether franchise, outsourcing, and branches; identify the types of leadership styles in terms of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling; determine the challenges encountered on the leadership styles towards organizational innovation in business establishment along the aforementioned variables; and propose leadership style framework on organizational innovation for business enterprises. Survey questionnaires were distributed to 36 business establishments and answered by managers and employees. Based on the results, the 2nd district of Albay has a stable economic environment, with 53% of establishments having over 500 employees, 69% having over 20 years, and 72% being corporations. Leadership styles, such as visionary, supportive, and coaching, influence business operations. The Leadership Styles Framework on Organizational Innovation emphasizes flexibility, collaborative decision-making, cultural sensitivity, community involvement, innovation metrics, agile team structures, and learning initiatives.</p>

2025-03-31T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Mercy A. Mariñas /index.php/jpair/article/view/933 2025-06-04T13:36:34+00:00 Jasper Mongaya Roland Vios

<p>State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) in the Philippines are mandated to engage in income-generating activities to supplement institutional income and foster self-reliance. This study assesses the status of the existing Income Generating Projects (IGPs) at Camiguin Polytechnic State College (CPSC). A descriptive research design was employed, utilizing a combination of Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) and documentary analysis of secondary data from the College’s records. Data were analyzed using simple percentages and comparative analysis. The study focused on IGPs from Calendar Year (CY) 2017 to 2021 across both campuses of the College. Five IGPs were identified: Printing Services, Rental Services, Identification Card Services, Laminating Services, and Binding Services. Findings revealed a consistent decline in IGP revenue over the study period, with a sharp drop in 2020 following the temporary cessation of operations due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Contributing factors to this decline included the decentralization of certain services, such as printing, as well as delays in the arrival of supplies and materials. The operational challenges identified included limited budget allocations, inadequate production space, inefficient procurement processes, and deteriorating rental facilities. Based on these findings, the study recommends centralizing IGP operations to enhance accountability and improve reporting mechanisms, alongside addressing infrastructure and resource limitations. Such measures are crucial for strengthening the sustainability and financial performance of CPSC’s IGPs, ensuring they effectively contribute to the College’s revenue generation and operational self-reliance.</p>

2025-03-31T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Jasper F. Mongaya, Roland L. Vios /index.php/jpair/article/view/934 2025-06-04T13:36:34+00:00 Laurence Bernadette Abapo

<p>Online banking has gradually acquired acceptance in today's digital environment. It has become vital to modern financial systems, offering enhanced accessibility, efficiency, and user autonomy. It provides various advantages to people, especially those living far from banks. Digital financial platforms offer convenience, cost savings, eco-friendly, and faster bank transactions. Through this, clients can open accounts, transfer funds, and monitor their savings accounts, current accounts, time deposits, credit cards, and loans. It decreases the need for paper statements and in-person services, supporting sustainability. It saves time, reduces the need to visit bank branches, and is available 24/7. Many platforms offer budgeting tools, spending analysis, and automated savings features. As online banking develops in the Philippines, it also comes with potential challenges many Filipinos might face. This research aimed to determine the challenges encountered in online banking. It also aimed to formulate recommendations and an action plan for online banking services to enhance customer satisfaction. The study used a quantitative research design to analyze and hence boost data validity. The data revealed customer satisfaction levels with online banking services and identified challenges in customer support, security and privacy, accessibility, and transaction speed. By addressing these key areas, commercial banks can improve customer satisfaction and enhance service performance to boost customer loyalty, retention, and competitive positioning in the market. Strengthening the key factors also attracts potential new clients. The researcher also formulated an action plan to maximize the services offered by online banking by the Commercial Banks in the 2nd District of Albay.</p>

2025-03-31T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Laurence Bernadette T. Abapo /index.php/jpair/article/view/935 2025-06-04T13:36:34+00:00 Richie Montebon Mauro Allan Amparado Anna Liza Son

<p>Flooding affects people globally. Flooding leads to the loss of infrastructure, livelihood, essential belongings, and even lives. This study described the participatory groups created in the community for flooding and how men, women, and the LGBTQ community involved themselves in the participatory groups. This study is part of the É«»¨ÌÃÂÛ̳ Project "Exploring gendered knowledge and inclusiveness in community resilience for flooding disaster: Case studies in Can Tho City (Vietnam) and Metro Cebu (Philippines) funded by the Asia-Pacific Network for Global Climate É«»¨ÌÃÂÛ̳, Kobe, Japan. A descriptive, exploratory, qualitative research endeavor was used in this study to look into the floods that affected the communities of Village Looc and Village Paknaan in Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines. Twenty informants, comprising males, females, and LGBTQ community members from each village, participated in Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). All informants had resided in their respective villages for over a decade and possessed direct experience with local flooding events. Data collection involved in-depth interviews during the FGDs, followed by systematic data collation and analysis. The study revealed several key themes regarding community responses to flooding, and the study found that sexual orientation and gender identity expression do not impede one's ability to contribute effectively during crises. These findings underscore the importance of inclusive and well-structured emergency management strategies in mitigating the impact of disasters.</p>

2025-03-31T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Richie L. Montebon, Mauro Allan P. Amparado, Anna Liza B. Son /index.php/jpair/article/view/936 2025-06-04T13:36:34+00:00 Arjie Lopo

<p>This study investigates the shift from face-to-face classes to distance learning in response to frequent class suspensions impacting students' education in the Philippines. It aims to identify the strategies employed by selected private secondary schools in the Municipality of Daraga and City of Legazpi, assess the effectiveness of these approaches, evaluate the key factors contributing to successful implementation, and develop a comprehensive manual for distance learning procedures. Utilizing a quantitative research design, data were collected through survey questionnaires distributed among principals, teachers, and senior high school students from ten participating schools for the academic year 2024-2025. The findings revealed that a variety of strategies were adopted to maintain educational continuity, with effective communication, parental involvement, and community collaboration highlighted as crucial for success. Additionally, challenges related to resources and access were noted, indicating a need for ongoing support. The study concludes that while schools demonstrated adaptability in their transition to distance learning, continuous evaluation and improvement of distance education practices are essential to ensure equitable access and positive learning outcomes for all students. The proposed Manual of Operation aims to guide future efforts in this area, emphasizing the importance of robust leadership and stakeholder engagement.</p>

2025-03-31T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Arjie M. Lopo